3. More definitions and a tone set

Good morning. Today I, Ms. H, am defining heartansoulanmind in its three separate parts. (I can't help humorously  thinking about Julius Caesar's book, Gallic Wars, and how Gaul was also divided into three parts.) In context with this blog, the below articles will be considered included in the broader definition of the 'Human Spirit'. 

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The Heart's Humanity 

EMOTION

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Emotions are biological states associated with the nervous system^[1][2][3] brought on by neurophysiological changes variously associated with thoughts, feelings, behavioural responses, and a degree of pleasure or displeasure.^[4][5] There is currently no scientific consensus on a definition. Emotions are often intertwined with mood, temperament, personality, disposition, creativity,^[6] and motivation.^[7]

Research on emotion has increased significantly over the past two decades with many fields contributing including psychology, neuroscience, affective neuroscience, endocrinology, medicine, history, sociology of emotions, and computer science. The numerous theories that attempt to explain the origin, neurobiology, experience and function of emotions have only fostered more intense research on this topic. Current areas of research in the concept of emotion include the development of materials that stimulate and elicit emotion. In addition, PET scans and fMRI scans help study the affective picture processes in the brain.^[8]

From a purely mechanistic perspective, "Emotions can be defined as a positive or negative experience that is associated with a particular pattern of physiological activity." Emotions produce different physiological, behavioral, and cognitive changes. The original role of emotions was to motivate adaptive behaviors that in the past would have contributed to the passing on of genes through survival, reproduction, and kin selection.^[9][10]

In some theories, cognition is an important aspect of emotion. For those who act primarily on emotions, they may assume that they are not thinking, but mental processes involving cognition are still essential, particularly in the interpretation of events. For example, the realization of our believing that we are in a dangerous situation and the subsequent arousal of our body's nervous system (rapid heartbeat and breathing, sweating, muscle tension) is integral to the experience of our feeling afraid. Other theories, however, claim that emotion is separate from and can precede cognition. Consciously experiencing an emotion is exhibiting a mental representation of that emotion from a past or hypothetical experience, which is linked back to a content state of pleasure or displeasure.^[11] The content states are established by verbal explanations of experiences, describing an internal state. . .. 

Emotions involve different components, such as subjective experience, cognitive processes, expressive behavior, psychophysiological changes, and instrumental behavior. At one time, academics attempted to identify the emotion with one of the components: William James with a subjective experience, behaviorists with instrumental behavior, psychophysiologists with physiological changes, and so on. More recently, emotion is said to consist of all the components. The different components of emotion are categorized somewhat differently depending on the academic discipline. In psychology and philosophy, emotion typically includes a subjective, conscious experience characterized primarily by psychophysiological expressions, biological reactions, and mental states. A similar multi-componential description of emotion is found in sociology. For example, Peggy Thoits^[15] described emotions as involving physiological components, cultural or emotional labels (anger, surprise, etc.), expressive body actions, and the appraisal of situations and contexts.

The Emotions

Acceptance - Affection - Amusement - Anger - Angst - Anguish Annoyance - Anticipation - Anxiety - Apathy - Arousal - Awe

Boredom - Confidence - Contempt - Contentment - Courage

Curiosity - Depression - Desire - Disappointment - Disgust

Distrust - Doubt - Ecstasy - Embarrassment - Empathy - Enthusiasm

Envy - Euphoria - Faith - Fear - Frustration - Gratification

Gratitude - Greed - Grief - Guilt - Happiness - Hatred- Hope

Horror - Hostility - Humiliation - Interest - Jealousy - Joy - Kindness

Loneliness - Love - Lust - Nostalgia - Outrage - Panic - Passion

Pity - Pleasure- Pride - Rage - Regret – Rejection - Remorse

Resentment - Sadness - Self-confidence - Self-pity - Shame

Shock - Shyness - Social connection - Sorrow - Suffering

Surprise - Trust - Wonder - Worry

Selected and edited from Wikipedia

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SOUL

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

In many religious, philosophical, and mythological traditions, the soul is the incorporeal essence of a living being.^[1] Soul or psyche (Ancient Greek: ψυχή psykhḗ, of ψύχειν psýkhein, "to breathe") comprises the mental abilities of a living being: reason, character, feeling, consciousness, qualia, memory, perception, thinking, etc. Depending on the philosophical system, a soul can either be mortal or immortal.^[2]

Greek philosophers, such as Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle, understood that the soul (ψυχή psūchê) must have a logical faculty, the exercise of which was the most divine of human actions. At his defense trial, Socrates even summarized his teachings as nothing other than an exhortation for his fellow Athenians to excel in matters of the psyche since all bodily goods are dependent on such excellence (Apology 30a–b).

In Judaism and in some Christian denominations, only human beings have immortal souls (although immortality is disputed within Judaism and the concept of immortality may have been influenced by Plato).^[3] For example, the Catholic theologian Thomas Aquinas attributed "soul" (anima) to all organisms but argued that only human souls are immortal.^[4] Other religions (most notably Hinduism and Jainism) hold that all living things from the smallest bacterium to the largest of mammals are the souls themselves (Atman, jiva) and have their physical representative (the body) in the world. The actual self is the soul, while the body is only a mechanism to experience the karma of that life. Thus if we see a tiger then there is a self-conscious identity residing in it (the soul), and a physical representative (the whole body of the tiger, which is observable) in the world. Some teach that even non-biological entities (such as rivers and mountains) possess souls. This belief is called animism.^[5]

Selected and edited from Wikipedia

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The Mind's Humanity

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MIND

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The mind is the set of faculties including cognitive aspects such as consciousness, imagination, perception, thinking, intelligence, judgement, language, and memory, as well as noncognitive aspects such as emotion and instinct. Under the scientific physicalist interpretation, the mind is produced at least in part by the brain. The primary competitors to the physicalist interpretations of the mind are idealism, substance dualism, and types of property dualism, and by some lights eliminative materialism and anomalous monism.^[3] There is a lengthy tradition in philosophy, religion, psychology, and cognitive science about what constitutes a mind and what are its distinguishing properties.

One open question regarding the nature of the mind is the mind-body problem, which investigates the relation of the mind to the physical brain and nervous system.^[4] Older viewpoints included dualism and idealism, which considered the mind somehow non-physical.^[4] Modern views often center around physicalism and functionalism, which hold that the mind is roughly identical with the brain or reducible to physical phenomena such as neuronal activity though dualism and idealism continue to have many supporters. Another question concerns which types of beings are capable of having minds (New Scientist 8 September 2018 p10).^{[citation needed][6]} For example, whether the mind is exclusive to humans, possessed also by some or all animals, by all living things, whether it is a strictly definable characteristic at all, or whether the mind can also be a property of some types of human-made machines.

Whatever its nature, it is generally agreed that the mind is that which enables a being to have subjective awareness and intentionality towards their environment, to perceive and respond to stimuli with some kind of agency, and to have consciousness, including thinking and feeling.^{[citation needed]}

The concept of mind is understood in many different ways by many different cultural and religious traditions. Some see the mind as a property exclusive to humans whereas others ascribe properties of mind to non-living entities (e.g. panpsychism and animism), to animals, and to deities. Some of the earliest recorded speculations linked mind (sometimes described as identical with soul or spirit) to theories concerning both life after death, and cosmological and natural order, for example in the doctrines of Zoroaster, the Buddha, Plato, Aristotle, and other ancient Greek, Indian and, later, Islamic and medieval European philosophers.

Important philosophers of mind 

include Plato, Patanjali, Descartes, Leibniz, Locke, Berkeley, Hume, Kant, Hegel, Schopenhauer, Searle, Dennett, Fodor, Nagel, Chalmers, and Putnam.^[7] Psychologists such as Freud and James and computer scientists such as Turing developed influential theories about the nature of the mind. The possibility of nonbiological minds is explored in the field of artificial intelligence, which works closely in relation with cybernetics and information theory to understand the ways in which information processing by nonbiological machines is comparable or different to mental phenomena in the human mind.^[8]

The mind is also portrayed as the stream of consciousness where sense impressions and mental phenomena are constantly changing.^[9][10]

DEFINITIONS

The attributes that make up the mind are debated. Some psychologists argue that only the "higher" intellectual functions constitute the mind, particularly reason and memory.^[14] In this view, the emotions — love, hate, fear, and joy — are more primitive or subjective in nature and should be seen as different from the mind as such. Others argue that various rational and emotional states cannot be so separated, that they are of the same nature and origin, and should therefore be considered all part of it as mind.^{[citation needed]}

In popular usage, mind is frequently synonymous with thought: the private conversation with ourselves that we carry on "inside our heads".^[15] Thus we "make up our minds", "change our minds" or are "of two minds" about something. One of the key attributes of the mind in this sense is that it is a private sphere to which no one but the owner has access. No one else can "know our mind". They can only interpret what we consciously or unconsciously communicate.^[16]

MENTAL FACULTIES

See also: Nous, Reason, Modularity of mind, and Mental process

Broadly speaking, mental faculties are the various functions of the mind or things the mind can "do".

Thought is a mental act that allows humans to make sense of things in the world, and to represent and interpret them in ways that are significant, or which accord with their needs, attachments, goals, commitments, plans, ends, desires, etc. Thinking involves the symbolic or semiotic mediation of ideas or data, as when we form concepts, engage in problem-solving, reasoning, and making decisions. Words that refer to similar concepts and processes include deliberation, cognition, ideation, discourse, and imagination.

Thinking is sometimes described as a "higher" cognitive function and the analysis of thinking processes is a part of cognitive psychology. It is also deeply connected with our capacity to make and use tools; to understand cause and effect; to recognize patterns of significance; to comprehend and disclose unique contexts of experience or activity, and to respond to the world in a meaningful way.

Memory is the ability to preserve, retain, and subsequently recall, knowledge, information, or experience. Although memory has traditionally been a persistent theme in philosophy, the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries also saw the study of memory emerge as a subject of inquiry within the paradigms of cognitive psychology. In recent decades, it has become one of the pillars of a new branch of science called cognitive neuroscience, a marriage between cognitive psychology and neuroscience.

Imagination is the activity of generating or evoking novel situations, images, ideas, or other qualia in the mind. It is a characteristically subjective activity, rather than a direct or passive experience. The term is technically used in psychology for the process of reviving in the mind percepts of objects formerly given in sense perception. Since this use of the term conflicts with that of ordinary language, some psychologists have preferred to describe this process as "imaging" or "imagery" or to speak of it as "reproductive" as opposed to "productive" or "constructive" imagination. Things imagined are said to be seen in the "mind's eye". Among the many practical functions of imagination is the ability to project possible futures (or histories), to "see" things from another's perspective, and to change the way something is perceived, including to make decisions to respond to, or enact, what is imagined.

Consciousness in mammals (this includes humans) is an aspect of the mind generally thought to comprise qualities such as subjectivity, sentience, and the ability to perceive the relationship between oneself and one's environment. It is a subject of much research in philosophy of mind, psychology, neuroscience, and cognitive science. Some philosophers divide consciousness into phenomenal consciousness, which is the subjective experience itself, and access consciousness, which refers to the global availability of information to processing systems in the brain.^[17] Phenomenal consciousness has many different experienced qualities, often referred to as qualia. Phenomenal consciousness is usually the consciousness of something or about something, a property known as intentionality in the philosophy of mind.

Selected and edited from Wikipedia

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In context with 'Grandma's Stories', those who legally pronounced physically dead have a personal consciousness that survives. – Ms. H.

I, Grandma Earth, concur; this blog, a selection of a coming book is a story, not a religion, science, or even philosophy. This is a book for individual thinking and for an individual's entertainment-in-mind and ultimately for a purposeful self-discovery about what it is to be a responsible human being within a modern social society. 

For example, if each unique human spirit were a conscious representation of a singular flower; how would the family and special friends' flower garden visually appear? 

Mr. Orndorff, what do you think of my blog presentation so far? - Ms. H.

1441. I am agreeable to what you are doing, Ms. Havisham. As an individual, I am more than the selection of heartansoulanmind. For instance, Carol and I are leaving for afternoon pizza at the local Mellow Mushroom. Carol has been working around the house and I have run to DLX because the pants I ordered last week arrived and one pair was not what I ordered so I returned it and bought a pack of tee shirts and a new belt. We watched Morning Joe and will watch NBC or ABC News and Rachel tonight on MSNBC. Also, we are going to watch an episode of The Crown on Netflix if the wireless is working properly, which it hasn't been. I still have a sense of time, but you and Grandma don't. I find that odd. 1448. 

We are keeping in character, Mr. Orndorff. Continue having a good day. – Ms. H.